DC and AC cables differ in several ways.:
Current type:
DC cables are used to carry direct current, where current flows in one direction.
AC cables are used to carry alternating current, where the current changes direction periodically.
Construction design:
DC cables are usually single core, since direct current only requires two conductors (positive and negative).
AC cables are usually multi-core cables, since alternating current requires two conductors to carry the current, and may require one or more ground conductors.
Voltage level:
DC cables can be used for different voltage levels, from low DC voltages (like battery apps) up to high DC voltages (as DC high voltage transmission lines).
AC cables can also be used for different voltage levels, but are generally used to carry higher AC voltages, such as power distribution in homes and industrial applications.
Power losses:
For the same power transported, AC cables may have higher power losses due to induction and resistance losses caused by alternating current flowing through the cable.
Power losses in DC cables tend to be lower, since direct current does not generate significant induction losses in the cable.
Security:
AC cables can produce electromagnetic radiation and induction during transmission, What should be taken into account in design and installation.
DC cables tend to be safer in this regard, since direct current transmission does not produce radiation or frequency induction.
In summary, These are some of the main differences between DC and AC cables. Choosing between them depends on the specific needs of the application and system design..